| Matter of Thompson v Genesee County Sheriff's Dept. |
| 2007 NY Slip Op 07038 [43 AD3d 1252] |
| September 27, 2007 |
| Appellate Division, Third Department |
| In the Matter of the Claim of Renee S. Thompson,Appellant, v Genesee County Sheriff's Department et al., Respondents. Workers'Compensation Board, Respondent. |
—[*1] Buckner & Kourofsky, Rochester (Jacklyn M. Penna of counsel), for Genesee CountySheriff's Department and another, respondents.
Peters, J. Appeal from a decision of the Workers' Compensation Board, filed December 14,2005, which ruled that the death of claimant's decedent was not causally related to hisemployment and denied her claim for workers' compensation death benefits.
Decedent was employed by the Genessee County Sheriff's Department as a correction officerat the time of his death. Decedent had a history of heart problems and had been previouslydiagnosed with cardiac arrhythmia. In May 2002, shortly before his death, decedent was admittedto the emergency room and released. The next day he visited with Stanley Ambis, his familyphysician, complaining of faintness and dizziness. Ambis, among other things, excused him fromfirearms practice—an event that he apparently found stressful—for a period of twoweeks beginning May 23, 2002. At the beginning of his overnight shift on May 29, 2002,decedent discovered that he would have to qualify in firearms use on May 31, 2002 and, on themorning of May 30, 2002, at the end of his shift, he collapsed at work and died shortly thereafter.The cause of death was listed as ventricular arrhythmia.[*2]
Claimant filed a workers' compensation claim on behalfof herself and her children, citing stress, among other things, as the cause of decedent's death.After fact finding, a Workers' Compensation Law Judge determined that "the scheduling offirearms training was the last in a series of incidents placing the decedent in a dangerous andprecarious position with respect to his heart," and concluded that stress from decedent's jobcaused decedent's fatal arrhythmia. On appeal, the Workers' Compensation Board reversed,finding decedent's death not to have been causally related to his employment. Claimant nowappeals.
We reverse. "Inasmuch as there is no dispute that decedent's initial injury occurred while hewas working at his place of employment, he was entitled to the statutory presumption that theinjury arose out of and in the course of such employment," and, considering that the cause ofdecedent's fatal arrhythmia remains unexplained, the statutory presumption should have beeninvoked (Matter of Koenig v State Ins.Fund, 4 AD3d 671, 672 [2004]; see Workers' Compensation Law § 21[1]; Matter of MacDonald v PenskeLogistics, 34 AD3d 967, 967 [2006]; Matter of Babson v Finch Pruyn & Co. Inc., 25 AD3d 936, 937[2006]). Although Workers' Compensation Law § 21 " '[does] not completely relieveclaimant from the burden of demonstrating that decedent's death arose out of and in the course of[decedent's] employment' " (Matter of Sullivan v Canton Police Dept., 285 AD2d 850,851 [2001], quoting Matter of Estate of Hertz v Gannett Rochester Newspapers, 272AD2d 814, 814 [2000]), a showing that the injury directly resulting in decedent's death occurredduring the course of decedent's employment and that the injury was unwitnessed or unexplainedis sufficient to entitle a claimant to the application of the presumption (see Matter ofMacDonald v Penske Logistics, 34 AD3d at 967; Matter of Babson v Finch Pruyn & Co.Inc., 25 AD3d at 937; Matter of Koenig v State Ins. Fund, 4 AD3d at 672; Matter of Brown v Clifton Recycling, 1AD3d 735, 735 [2003]; Matter of Barrington v Hudson Val. Fruit Juice, 297 AD2d886, 886-887 [2002]; Matter of Williams v Metropolitan Distrib., 213 AD2d 852, 853[1995]). Consequently, the Board erred in requiring claimant to come forward with evidence of acausal relationship before applying the statutory presumption in this case (see Matter ofBarrington v Hudson Val. Fruit Juice, 297 AD2d at 886; see generally Matter of Brown vClifton Recycling, 1 AD3d at 735-736).
Once a claimant has established his or her entitlement to the statutory presumption, theburden shifts to the workers' compensation carrier to present " 'substantial evidence to thecontrary which, as a matter of law, precludes the Board from crediting any explanation for thedeath except that offered by the employer' " (Matter of Wightman v Clinton Tractor & Implement Co., 23 AD3d788, 790 [2005], quoting Matter of Williams v Metropolitan Distrib., 213 AD3d at853; accord Matter of MacDonald v Penske Logistics, 34 AD3d at 967). Here, the Boardconcluded upon its review of the record that "it is only speculative what actually causeddecedent's death." In light of the social policy underlying the Workers' Compensation Law, asembodied in the presumption of compensability set forth in Workers' Compensation Law §21 (1), such uncertainty, under the facts of this case, should have been resolved in favor ofclaimant and her children, not against them. Thus, once the statutory presumption is applied andthe burdens are properly placed, it is clear that the carrier failed to meet its burden and reversal isrequired.
The parties' arguments relating to the evidence supporting the Board's determination and thealternative ground for affirmance proffered by the employer's workers' compensation carrier havebeen considered and found either to be without merit or rendered academic in light of ourdecision.[*3]
Mercure, J.P., Crew III, Spain and Rose, JJ., concur.Ordered that the decision is reversed, with costs, and matter remitted to the Workers'Compensation Board for further proceedings not inconsistent with this Court's decision.