| Barker v Time Warner Cable, Inc. |
| 2011 NY Slip Op 03009 [83 AD3d 750] |
| April 12, 2011 |
| Appellate Division, Second Department |
| Robert Barker, Appellant, v Time Warner Cable, Inc., etal., Respondents. |
—[*1] Kauff McGuire & Margolis LLP, New York, N.Y. (Kenneth A. Margolis and Marjorie B.Kulak of counsel), for respondents.
In an action, inter alia, to recover damages for breach of contract, the plaintiff appeals, aslimited by his brief, from (1) so much of an order of the Supreme Court, Nassau County (Marber,J.), entered July 6, 2009, as granted those branches of the defendants' motion which were todismiss the causes of action alleging breach of contract, breach of the implied covenant of goodfaith and fair dealing, and unjust enrichment pursuant to CPLR 3211 (a) (7), and (2) so much ofan order of the same court entered February 23, 2010, as denied that branch of his motion whichwas for leave to amend the complaint pursuant to CPLR 3025 (b).
Ordered that the orders are affirmed insofar as appealed from, with one bill of costs.
Time Warner Cable, Inc. (hereinafter Time Warner), hired the plaintiff as an accountmanager. Allegedly during his tenure with Time Warner, the plaintiff procured various contractson behalf of Time Warner with Sprint Communications Company, L.P., and its related entities(hereinafter collectively Sprint), which permitted Sprint to lease Time Warner's equipment foruse with its wireless telecommunications service. Time Warner, pursuant to a sales compensationagreement with the plaintiff, began paying him commissions. However, in May 2008, theplaintiff was removed from the Sprint account and informed that he would not be receiving anycommissions from future Sprint installations. As a result, the plaintiff commenced this actionagainst Time Warner and its related entities (hereinafter collectively the defendants), inter alia, torecover damages for breach of contract, breach of the implied covenant of good faith and fairdealing, and unjust enrichment, based on the defendants' wrongful withholding of earnedcommissions. The defendants moved, among other things, to dismiss the complaint pursuant toCPLR 3211 (a) (7) for failure to state a cause of action, and the Supreme Court granted thosebranches of the motion.
In order to state a cause of action to recover damages for a breach of contract, the plaintiff'sallegations must identify the provisions of the contract that were breached (see Woodhill Elec. v Jeffrey Beamish,Inc., 73 AD3d 1421, 1422 [2010]; Peters v Accurate Bldg. Inspectors Div. of Ubell [*2]Enters., Inc., 29 AD3d 972 [2006]; Atkinson v MobilOil Corp., 205 AD2d 719, 720 [1994]). Here, as the Supreme Court correctly concluded, thecomplaint failed to allege the provisions of the sales compensation agreement the defendantsbreached when they stopped paying the plaintiff commissions. Further, the evidentiary materialthe plaintiff submitted in opposition to the defendants' motion, including his affidavit and thesales compensation agreement, failed to remedy the defects in the complaint (see Rovello vOrofino Realty Co., 40 NY2d 633, 635-636 [1976]; Lester v Braue, 25 AD3d 769, 769-770 [2006]). In his affidavit, theplaintiff again failed to identify the provisions of the contract that entitled him to a commission,instead pointing to portions of the complaint alleging entitlement to greater commissions forprocuring longer-term contracts. Under the terms of the sales compensation agreement (see Gennes v Yellow Book of N.Y.,Inc., 23 AD3d 520, 521 [2005]), commissions are "[e]arned upon installation" and, thus,the plaintiff failed to identify any obligation the defendants breached when they informed himthat he would not be receiving any commissions for future installations. Indeed, another clause inthe sales compensation agreement provided that, upon resignation or termination, an accountmanager would receive commissions for only those contracts signed and/or renewed and installedprior to the date of resignation or termination. The meaning of "installation" is unambiguous, andthe alternative interpretation the plaintiff offers is not a reasonable one (see W.W.W. Assoc. vGiancontieri, 77 NY2d 157, 162-163 [1990]; Pierson v Empire State Land Assoc., LLC, 65 AD3d 1114, 1115[2009]; McCabe v Witteveen, 34AD3d 652, 653-654 [2006]). Accordingly, the Supreme Court properly granted that branchof the defendants' motion which was to dismiss the cause of action alleging breach of contract.
As pleaded in the complaint, the cause of action alleging breach of the implied covenant ofgood faith and fair dealing is duplicative of the cause of action alleging breach of contract (see Deer Park Enters., LLC v Ail Sys.,Inc., 57 AD3d 711, 712 [2008]; ICD Holdings S.A. v Frankel, 976 F Supp 234,243-244 [1997]) and, therefore, was subject to dismissal.
"The existence of a valid and enforceable written contract governing a particular subjectmatter ordinarily precludes recovery in quasi contract for events arising out of the same subjectmatter. A quasi contract only applies in the absence of an express agreement, and is not really acontract at all, but rather a legal obligation imposed in order to prevent a party's unjustenrichment" (Clark-Fitzpatrick, Inc. v Long Is. R.R. Co., 70 NY2d 382, 388 [1987][internal quotation marks and citations omitted]; see Neos v Lacey, 2 AD3d 812, 814 [2003]). Since the salescompensation agreement governs when commissions are earned, and the plaintiff's cause ofaction alleging unjust enrichment arises out of the same subject matter, the Supreme Courtproperly granted that branch of the defendants' motion which was to dismiss the cause of actionalleging unjust enrichment (see Neos v Lacey, 2 AD3d at 814).
The Supreme Court providently exercised its discretion in denying that branch of theplaintiff's motion which was for leave to amend his complaint, as the proposed amendedcomplaint was patently devoid of merit (see CPLR 3025 [b]; Petty v Barnes, 70 AD3d 661, 663[2010]; Smiley Realty of Brooklyn, LLCv Excello Film Pak, Inc., 67 AD3d 891, 892 [2009]). Angiolillo, J.P., Belen, Chambersand Roman, JJ., concur.
Motion by the respondents, inter alia, to strike the appellant's reply brief on appeals [*3]from two orders of the Supreme Court, Nassau County, entered July6, 2009, and February 23, 2010, respectively, on the ground that it improperly raises issues forthe first time in reply. By decision and order on motion of this Court dated December 28, 2010,that branch of the motion which was to strike the appellant's reply brief on the ground that itimproperly raises issues for the first time in reply was held in abeyance and referred to theJustices hearing the appeals for determination upon the argument or submission thereof.
Upon the papers filed in support of the motion and the papers filed in opposition thereto, andupon the argument of the appeals, it is
Ordered that the branch of the motion which was to strike the appellant's reply brief on theground that it improperly raises issues for the first time in reply is granted, and the appellant'sreply brief is stricken and has not been considered in the determination of the appeals. Angiolillo,J.P., Belen, Chambers and Roman, JJ., concur. [Prior Case History: 24 Misc 3d 1213(A),2009 NY Slip Op 51446(U).]